ANSWERS: 1
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The answer varies by country, based on established electrical codes; in the United States, for example, the "hot" wire should be black or red, while the neutral wire is white or gray. If you cannot tell which wire is hot based on color coding, test for a hot wire using a multimeter or other current-detecting tool.
Source:
Repeater-Builder.com AC Power: Color Codes, and How To Avoid Killing Yourself
Electrical-Online.com: Differences in Wire Colors Between England and North America
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