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The "distance" varies between guitars depending on the particular style of guitar. However as a general rule the higher the distance the "harder" the "action" of the guitar. A luthier can adjust most (with a few exceptions)action on a guitar by means of adjusting the nut and/or the saddle of the guitar (again assuming that the fretboard is not warped).Also the "scale-lenght" of the guitar (distance between the Nut and Saddle)can affect the timbre and how easy it is for the fretting fingers (If you are right-handed the left hand fingers)to play the chords.
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