What is the difference between a pidgeon and a dove?

  There actually is no taxonomic difference between pigeons and doves.  Both are part of the same family, and there are no consistent criteria which distinguish which ones are called by which name.  In fact, between British and American versions of the English language, the two terms are not even used consistently; there are birds which the British call “doves” and which we Americans call “pigeons”, and vice versa.

  Many languages have only one word, in place of these two words we have in the English language.  For example, in Spanish, the word is “paloma” — one word that covers all the birds that in English are “doves” or “pigeons”.

Not much. They are really the same, other than size.

There is no d in pigeon. That's all I can add to this. Not much help, I know. We have pigeons here in AZ and doves and they seem to have very different behaviors. Doves are very timid and pigeons are very bold. Pigeons are larger. I'm sure they are from the same family, but they are not exactly alike.

The amount of poop. And when you type dove feces in on Google, you don't get matches for disease and danger.
http://abolishbirdcontrol.com/album/images/41.jpg

People hunt to eat dove, and hunt to eradicate pigeons. :-)

They are different birds.

Pigeons and doves constitute the family Columbidae within the order Columbiformes, which include some 300 species of near passerine birds. In general parlance the terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably. In ornithological practice, there is a tendency for "dove" to be used for smaller species and "pigeon" for larger ones, but this is in no way consistently applied, and historically the common names for these birds involve a great deal of variation between the term "dove" and "pigeon." This family occurs worldwide, but the greatest variety is in the Indomalaya and Australasia ecozones. The young doves and pigeons are called "squabs."

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. The species commonly referred to just as the "pigeon" is the feral Rock Pigeon, common in many cities.

Doves and pigeons build relatively flimsy nests from sticks and other debris, which may be placed in trees, on ledges, or on the ground, depending on species. They lay one or two eggs, and both parents care for the young, which leave the nest after 7 to 28 days. Doves feed on seeds, fruit and plants. Unlike most other birds (but see flamingo), the doves and pigeons produce "crop milk," which is secreted by a sloughing of fluid-filled cells from the lining of the crop. Both the sexes produce this highly nutritious substance to feed to the young.

pigeons are doves; doves are pigeons. In major urban areas; pigeons are "flying rats"

doves are white pigeons are grayish. both birds different colors.

Pigeons, particularly the ones found in urban areas, are domesticated rock doves, although there a plenty of wild birds called pigeons.