ANSWERS: 3
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A superbike is based on a production machine, a MotoGP bike is a prototype
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Superbikes are based off of production 1000cc sportbikes. MotoGP bikes are purpose built racing machines (not prototypes). Moto GP bikes will not be bikes that are put into production so that the avearge Joe may purchase. Superbikes how ever are not much different than say a Yamaha YZF R1 or a Kawasakin Ninja ZX 10R.
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Both answers so far are correct. The difference is very similar to the difference between Formula 1 and touring cars in 4 wheeled racing. Motogp bikes are prototype machines, technology can be developed here that will eventually be used on the road (such as traction control for bikes nowadays). Superbikes must be essentially the same as that companies road going motorcycle (the bike must have been sold to the general public for it to be eligible). Superbikes is a way of motocycle manufacturers proving their machines are better than the competition and, as a rule in superbikes, "winning on sunday means selling on monday".
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