These rights are granted in the Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the US Constitution. Amendment 1 - "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." Amendment 2 - "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."

Actually, there is no document which specifically grants "Freedom to speak anything we want to, freedom for anyone to possess and use guns". For example, libel, slander, and incitement to riot or treason are all quite specifically criminal, and are not protected; you cannot speak "anything you want to", or at least, you cannot do so without facing legal consequences. Also, most publications are held to have a responsibility not to convey libellous or treasonous speech, so one could face quite legitimate and legal censorship on those grounds. Furthermore, doing something like yelling "Fire!" in a crowded theater, when there isn't one, can be prosecuted as criminal mischief. Also, as the Bill of Rights answer quite clearly conveys, the right to bear arms specifically refers to "a well regulated militia" -- which does not mean anyone under the sun. In general, it is regarded as a bad idea to allow guns to those who are mentally ill, cognitively disabled in some way, or who have a demonstrated violent criminal history. There is no document which guarantees that such people have the right to own guns, nor would anything developed in the law since then support it. As for, "the right to keep our government and religion apart" -- the Amendment 1 clause regarding the establishment of religion is generally taken to mean, not only shall government refrain from outlawing any religion, neither shall it specifically endorse any religion. The Founding Fathers had more than enough example from Europe of just how badly wrong things went when government involved itself in religion and "took sides"; it is clear from their other writings and letters that they wanted government to stay out of the business of religion altogether. In the modern day, this is taken to mean, don't spend Federal dollars in support of any religion, do not use religion in the establishment of law, and do not promote any religion in state-funded schools (as this constitutes an implicit endorsement of a specific religion). This does NOT actually mean that people cannot mention God in schools or courtrooms, or pray there; it just means the people in charge should not do this or require it, as they are acting as representatives of the institutions. However, it would be equally un-Constitutional to forbid the practice of any religion altogether, in federal buildings or elsewhere.

As other answerers have stated, see the 1st and 2nd amendments as to freedom of speech and the right to bear arms. THERE IS NO U.S. DOCUMENT THAT GRANTS ANY RIGHTS. Rights by definition cannot BE granted. Rights are inherent, we are born with them. The word "right" in this context derives from "birthright". The Bill of Rights guarantees that the inherent rights listed therein will be enforced by the government. Let's not forget the unheralded 9th, 10th and 11th amendments: Amendment IX - The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. Amendment X - The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. Amendment XI. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. The 9th, 10th and 11th Amendments reinforce that RIGHTS are NOT granted by any document. The Bill of Rights is not a full listing of ALL of our inherent rights, just the ones the US Goverment GUARANTEES it will enforce. I am not trying to nitpick; the whole basis of the Constitution is that rights are natural and inherent, not "granted". To address the other part of your question, the Consitution does not separate Church and State. Thomas Jefferson is credited with the campaign that ended up as a law in Virginia and influenced other states to adopt it as well: "In 1785, Jefferson drafted a bill that was designed to squash an attempt to provide taxes for the purpose of furthering religious education. He wrote that such support for religion was counter to a natural right of man:... no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious worship, place, or ministry whatsoever, nor shall be enforced, restrained, molested, or burthened in his body or goods, nor shall otherwise suffer, on account of his religious opinions or belief; but that all men shall be free to profess, and by argument to maintain, their opinions in matters of religion, and that the same shall in no wise diminish, enlarge, or affect their civil capacities." (see http://www.usconstitution.net/consttop_reli.html) These was one of the seeds of the Wall of Separation between church and state, subsequently upheld in several Supreme Court decisions, Reynolds v US (98 US 145 [1878]) (also called the anti-establishment clause) and Cantwell v Connecticut (310 US 296 [1940]).