ANSWERS: 2
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The rule for awarding bases in NFHS Rulebook is very clear in this instance. The award is two bases, regardless of whether the throw originates in the infield or the outfield. Yet, I continue to hear debate about this - even from other Umpires. The only notable exception to this rule is when the Pitcher throws the ball while his foot is in contact with the plate (rubber) - either on a pickoff attempt or a pitch to the plate, in which case the award is 1 base. Interesting to note that even the Pitcher's thrown ball when not in contact with the plate shall result in a two base advance, as the Pitcher is now acting a fielder. If you disagree with this answer, I would be interested in knowing your source for your interpretation. Thanks.
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The award of bases depends on when and where the throw originates: 1) When the throw is from a pitcher who is in contact with his rubber then the award is one base 2) When the throw is the first play by an infielder on a hit it is a two base award from the time of the pitch. i.e. the runners are awarded two bases from the base they were at when the pitcher threw the ball. 3) In all other instances, the award is two bases from the time of the throw. i.e. anytime the ball is thrown in dead ball territory(DBT) (except for situation 1&2 described above) the umpires must determine where the runners were at the time of the throw and then place the runners two bases from that position.
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