ANSWERS: 7
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You take flight lessons. Or if you need to do it without spending the cash on lessons, then this is the general idea... Line up with the runway at the recommended approach speed. Keep that speed all the way down to the runway while descending at a constant rate. At the same time you adjust left and right by banking the wings in order to keep the runway lined up. The shape of the runway should remain the same as you view it from the cockpit. If the shape changes, it means you are either climbing or descending above or below the glideslope, which is bad. There are also aids both on the ground and in the airplane which help you keep on the glidepath, and are especially helpful when you can't see anything outside the airplane due to clouds, etc. When you get just above the runway, pull up a little bit, cut the power, and let the airplane settle to the ground. Oh, and don't forget to put the gear dowm.
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The landing phase is constant small corrections for wind and airspeed contol. This is true for everything from jets to small trainers. When on short final for the runway, the aircraft should be fully configured (gear down if applicable with the appropriate flap setting.) A given power setting in the landing configuration should give you a fairly constant decent rate with minimal power corrections needed to maintain target landing speed. Depending on where the wind is coming from (down the runway or from the side) a crab or crosswind correction may be used to maintain directional control down to the runway. During a crab technique the aircraft 'weathervanes' into the wind and approaches the runway at an angle. This angle is taken out for landing by using rudder to align the nose of the plane with the runway centerline and the ailerons are used to put the wing slightly down on the side into the wind. This method results in the upwind main gear touching down first, then the other main and finally the nosegear. The crosswind correction method on final is using rudder correction and one wing low down the entire approach and not just in the flare. Which one used is up to pilot preferance/technique. Once in the flare, the pilot slowly reduces the power to idle (or near idle) and sets a pitch angle so that the main gear touches down first. On some aircraft this may necessitate pulling the nose up, on others the pitch seems relatively flat. As the aircraft slows, eventually drag overcomes the lift produced by the wings and the aircraft settles to the ground. Even though the plane is now on the runway, crosswind correction must be maintained as the plane slows to maintain directional control. In a strong wind, the plane can depart the runway without proper control inputs for the wind. Here is a video of what landing looks like from the cockpit- http://www.flightlevel350.com/public_viewer.php?cat=74&pic=2693 Video of a 747 croswind landing- http://www.flightlevel350.com/public_viewer.php?cat=138&pic=1568 Also check out Chapter 9 - Approaches and Landings of the "Flight Training Handbook" which can be found here: http://avstop.com/AC/FlightTraingHandbook/Chapter9.html
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I DON'T REALLY KNOW JUST DON'T ASK THE TALABAN THE DON'T FLY THEY CRASH
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I usually let the pilot do it. They're pretty good like that.
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First, download Flight Simulator X. Second, try to land the plane smoothly. Third, set the settings to realistic and land the plane. Smooth landings? Good! You are now ready to land a REAL plane.
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Very carefully.
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I turn to my co-pilot and tell him, "Your landing...don't screw it up!" For this, I am paid 40% more than him and get to put "Captain" on my business cards. Is this a great country, or what?
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