Saltwater fishkeeping is an enjoyable, creative hobby, but many new aquarists are intimidated by the initial challenges of setting up a fish tank. A small, 25-gallon tank is an excellent starting point for the novice saltwater fishkeeper.

Filter

Most aquarium filters are appropriate for both saltwater or freshwater. Look for a brand that utilizes activated charcoal, which is essential for the growth of healthy bacteria. Additional under-gravel filters are useful, but not necessary.

Lighting

In order to thrive, coral and fish both require a high-input of full-spectrum light. Very high output (VHO) and metal halide bulbs both provide a complete, penetrative light spectrum for saltwater environments.

Heater

Submersible heaters are essential for the health of a tropical saltwater aquarium. Look for easy-to-read, adjustable heaters that can be deeply submerged in the water.

Testing Equipment

A 25-gallon saltwater aquarium requires hydrometer, which measures the specific gravity (salinity) of water. Test strips that measure nitrate, nitrite and ammonia are also essential.

Marine Salt

Saltwater fish can not survive in freshwater. Aquarists must use marine salt-- not table salt or medicinal "aquarium salt"-- to achieve a proper salinity level. Salt requirements vary dramatically between species.

Decorations

Cover the bottom of the aquarium with at least one inch of substrate (sand and crushed coral are the most popular choices). Other popular saltwater aquarium decorations include rock, live rock, saline-tolerant plants, invertebrates and live coral.

Source:

Greg Jennings- The New Encyclopedia of the Saltwater Aquarium: Firefly Books, 2007.