Adding a fish pond to your backyard is akin to creating a small ecosystem, so it requires careful planning before construction begins. There are several supplies you'll need to keep your pond healthy and looking great for years to come.

Pond Liners

There are two options when choosing a liner for your fish pond, flexible and preformed. As the name suggests, flexible liners give you the flexibility to create a pond to your desired shape and size. According to the website Pond.com, flexible liners are commonly made out of polyvinylchloride (PVC), high-density polyethylene (HDE), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) or butyl rubber. Concrete is another option for flexible liners. Preformed liners are often made out of fiberglass. While they don't give pond owners the ability to choose size or shape, preformed liners simplify the process of digging a fish pond by giving owners the exact size and shape specifications.

Pond Filters

A filter is necessary for your fish pond. It will remove debris and eliminate algae and bacteria that can harm your fish. The simplest option is a basket filter that collects pieces of debris when water is forced into the basket by a pump. The basket will need to be emptied periodically to operate efficiently and to prevent the filter from clogging. Other options for pond filters include UV filters and bacterial filters. UV filters use ultraviolet light to kill bacteria and other harmful microorganisms in the water and bacterial pond filters use live organisms to eliminate algae and microorganisms that are dangerous to your fish population. According to Pond.com, the quality of the filter you purchase for your pond is important: "Pond filters are not the area where one should consider cutting corners, to be certain. The filters should have the capacity to filter at least half of the pond's total water volume every hour."

Aerators

A pond aerator is an important component to your backyard pond. Aerators promote oxygenation and water circulation to keep your pond clean and healthy. A few of the benefits of aeration include the reduction of algae, faster waste decomposition and the growth of beneficial bacteria.

Other Considerations

While a liner, filter and aerator are necessities for a healthy fish pond, there are many other items you may want to purchase to enhance the look of your pond. Plants give your pond a natural appearance and provide hiding places for your fish. In addition, underwater plants play a beneficial role in the health of your pond by oxygenating the water. If you plan to include waterfalls or fountains to your pond, you'll need to purchase a pond pump to move the water. Choosing the correct pond pump requires a bit of research, as you must purchase a pump that is appropriate for your needs and the size of your pond. Because you'll be installing an electrical device underwater, safety is also extremely important when installing a pump.

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Complete Guide to Garden Ponds