ANSWERS: 5
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"Ether" and "Phlogiston"
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I suppose it depends upon who you ask. China: * Wood (Chinese: 木, pinyin: mù) * Fire (Chinese: ç«, pinyin: huÇ’) * Earth (Chinese: 土, pinyin: tÇ”) * Metal (Chinese: 金, pinyin: jÄ«n) * Water (Chinese: æ°´, pinyin: shuÇ) Japan: The five elements are, in ascending order of power, 風 (fÅ« or kaze) Wind , æ°´ (sui or mizu) Water , 地 ( chi or tsuchi) Earth , ç« (ho, ka or hi) Fire and 空 (kÅ«). This last is usually translated as "void" when referring to the elements, but refers to "sky" in most other contexts, and is therefore sometimes translated as "Heaven". Sometimes a sixth element is added, representing Consciousness, or è˜ (shiki).
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That depends on your system of elements. The Chinese version of alchemy replaces air with the elements of wood and metal. More about that can be found here: www.tcmbasics.com/basics_5elements.htm Some Western versions of it, but not all, add ether (as in the adjective _ethereal_) as a fifth element. The corresponding adjective is_ethereal_; dictionary definitions of the adjective suggest lightness and delicacy, while its synonyms include _celestial_ and _otherworldly_. Some use the name _quintessence_ for that fifth element. More about these can be found here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aether_(classical_element) wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=ethereal
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To give a more "sciency" answer, the elements you listed are not considered elements by chemists. Instead there are about 100 elements, hydrogen, helium, on up to plutonium and other shorter-lived "transuranic" elements.
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The fifth element in many Wiccan traditions is "Spirit".
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