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PATA - A 33MHz bus that uses a 40-wire "ribbon" cable (the "80-wire" cables have 40 data wires and 40 ground wires) and is capable of streaming multiple bits simultaneously (hence, "Parallel"). It has a maximum bandwidth of 133MB/s, and can only use cables no longer than 18 inches. SATA - A faster bus that uses a thinner cable that transmits bits one after the other instead of at the same time (hence "Serial). The thinner cables allow for a more compact system and less of the cabling mess that many systems suffer from. It's higher clockspeed allows it to achieve greater bandwidth (150 or 300MB/s), and can use cables up to 6 feet long, allowing for external SATA drives.
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