ANSWERS: 3
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The conductor has a score of what everyone is doing in front of him. He must be able to follow the score and insure that what he hears is what's on the score. Also, different instruments are tuned to different pitches, i.e. the note C on a trumpet is actually B-flat on the piano. This is called B-flat concert. There are several instruments with these variances. He must be able to follow all of these variances and be able to express the proper notes to the proper instruments according to their instruments tuning. He must be able to look at the score, read about 15 different lines at the same time and hear it in his head, and do this, before the notes are actually played by the orchestra so that he can express what he expects to hear, or anticipate an common error from, say, the clarinets or violin section. Its really hard. Its even hard when you are the person that wrote the arrangment. It takes years of practice to just be able to look at the score and see the whole page from top to bottom at one instance.
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I should probably be ashamed of myself .. now that I've read the serious, knowledgable and helpful answer you've already been given. (Rickytheaxe, I've just commented and given you points. I hope neither of you take offense ...) Why? Going to share this .. and no, it's not a serious answer. It's a Bugs Bunny cartoon called "Baton Bunny". :)
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Yes. You generally go to University for Music and get, at least here, what is called a Bachelor of Fine Arts
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