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by Gameboy42 on October 9th, 2003

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How does a speaker work?

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  • by Gameboy42 on October 9th, 2003

    Gameboy42

    The basic function of a speaker is to push air. What the human ear perceives as sound is just changes in air pressure, so the function of a speaker is to create changes in air pressure that we can hear. If these changes are at a high frequency, we hear a high-pitched noise. If they are at a low frequency, we hear bass, or we may just feel a thumping sensation once the frequency goes below the frequency of human hearing.

    So, back to the speaker: the most common type of speaker uses an electromagnet called a voice coil that is attached to a diaphragm. The diaphragm is the cone part of the speaker that you're used to seeing. That cone is attached to an electromagnet that is suspended in a permanent magnetic field. Electrical current is sent to the magnet from your amplifier, changing the magnetic field of the electromagnet, and pushing it back and forth within the surrounding magnetic field. Because the electromagnet is attached to the cone, this movement pushes the cone in and out, generating sound waves. These sound waves (cycles of high and low pressure) mirror the input current that is being sent to the electromagnet by your stereo.

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