ANSWERS: 2
  • Because of polarity. Sodium chloride is a salt meaning it is composed of positive and negative atoms or molecules held together through non-covalent interactions. Whenever this salt is put into water which has two positive dipole moments (one at each hydrogen) and one negative dipole moment (on the oxygen) the negatives and positives of these substances interact which dissolves the substance. No such force exists in hexanes because it is non-polar. So, when NaCl is put into hexanes the charged particles stay together and the non-polar particles stay together resulting in no mixing and no dissolution.
  • '(1) ''like dissolves like" (2) substances that are mostly polar (like glucose) dissolve in polar solvents like water but not in a nonpolar solvent like hexane, presumably since the dipole forces (specifically H-bonds) holding polar solute molecules together can be replaced with polar solute-solvent interactions (H-bonds). (3) substances that are mostly nonpolar dissolve [in] nonpolar solvents like hexane but not in polar solvents like water, presumably since the London forces holding nonpolar solute molecules together can be replaced with nonpolar solute-solvent interactions. (4) Molecules that are both about equal amount of polar and nonpolar parts may or may not dissolve readily in different solvents.' Source: https://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/Chem%20and%20Society/IMF_Solutions/olIMF_solutions.htm

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