ANSWERS: 3
  • The orientation doesn't actually have much of an effect. There is a certain order that is usually followed, but because latin uses case endings it would still mean the same thing if you didn't follow it.
  • I am unsure what cumfi means, although I know that it wasn't supposed to say lumena paxte cumfi on Philomena’s tomb. Since one tomb was taller at one end than it was at the other the mason worker reversed the stones to move the wider stone to the wider opening to accommodate the wider opening. Therefore, in order for the stones to be placed properly to fit the opening, he reversed the three sections of the inscription to the following order: LUMENA – PAXTE –CUMFI, placing the last original stone in the place of the first one, which by doing this, meant that the words on them were put in the wrong order. Her tomb also had the symbols of a lily, an arrow, an anchor, and a lance (which would appear to indicate virginity and martyrdom). When you arrange the word lumena at the end, it says paxte cumfi lumena, but if you separate the words properly it says pax tecum filumena which means peace be with you Philomena. In 1837, Pope Gregory xvi made philomena a saint...solely on the basis of her powerful intercession. St.philomena's principal feast day is on august 11th. I know all of this information because it said this on a prayer card I have that is about the story of St. Philomena and also because I researched her online and once again I was given this information.
  • In the Catacomb of Saint Priscilla in Rome excavotors on May 25th, 1802 found a shelf tomb sealed with slabs in a way that resembled tombs for martyrs. The tomb had three tiles marked with these words: LUMENA / PAXTE /CUMFI. The words were apparently out of order and if you place the first inscripted tile last, the inscription would read: PAX TECUM, FILUMENA, which means "Peace be with you, Philomena."

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