by 
amyanda
ANSWERS: 3
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Where do you want to start? Cognitive just means understanding, or knowing.
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Thousands - but with some qualifications. Pavlov's slobbering dogs were easy to study because it was a matter of observing learned behavior. The same is true with Skinner's work. It is difficult to observe what people understand internally. It is quite easy to observe how they behave in various situations. Here is a good article comparing behaviorism to cognitive studies: http://www.udel.edu/fth/pbs/webmodel.htm One of my professors, 34 years ago, argued that you could not proive that humans even had a cognition. He was a died-in-the-wool Skinnerian behviorist. Scholars such as Piaget would have strongly disagreed. I hope you understand that you asked a very broad and open ended question that cannot be quickly answered.
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Major Topics in Cognitive Psychology: Perception Language Attention Memory Problem Solving Decision Making and Judgment there is so much information on this subject, you can choose from this search list for the one that will fit your needs the most: http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=RNWO%2CRNWO%3A2008-13%2CRNWO%3Aen&q=cognitive+psychology&btnG=Search
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