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A radiator cools the water which circulates round the engine, and nearly all cars have them. An intercooler is used only on turbocharged or supercharged engines. Compressing the air mixture in the turbocharger heats it up, which makes it expand so that you cannot get so much mass into the cylinder. If you cool it after the trubocharger you can get more air into the cylinder and hence get more power. The intercooler performs this function, and sits between the turbocharger and the main engine block.
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