ANSWERS: 1
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Hebrew does use letter for vowels but instead uses nikud, symbols under the letters. The nikud that would signify the sound of the letter O would be a single centred dot under a letter (ִ) called a khiriq. So the "bet" without any nikud is pronounced as a "b". With the dot, it would be pronounced as "boh", as in a soft O. If you want the hard O, the nikud would be three dots where the start on the left and go down toward the right (ֻ) called a qubuts. That would be pronounced "boo". The two sounds can also be made by adding the letter vav(ו) but with a dot on top (holum) for the khiriq and with a dot in front (dagest or mapiq) for the qubuts.
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