"Calgon." Only a kid of the 70's will get this joke reference. For the rest, see video.

Traditionally they were not traders as such, because they did not produce a lot that was desired by the greater world. The exception was their horses. They also had no artisan class. When they attacked a city, the only people left alive was the artisan class, as they had no use for the rest of the population. Their contribution was the facilitating of trade between China and the rest of the world. The Chinese did not like traders, and really needed nothing. However, everyone else wanted Chinese goods (including the Mongols), so someone had to be the middlemen. The Mongol peoples proved to be an important link between China and the rest of the world. Look at this story: Along with Western missionaries, traders from the West (particularly from Genoa) began to arrive in the Mongol domains, mostly in Persia and eventually farther east. The Mongols were quite receptive to this. This attitude, which facilitated contacts with West Asia and Europe, contributed to the beginning of what we could call a "global history," or at least a Eurasian history. The Mongols always favored trade. Their nomadic way of life caused them to recognize the importance of trade from the very earliest times and, unlike the Chinese, they had a positive attitude toward merchants and commerce. The Confucian Chinese professed to be disdainful of trade and merchants, whom they perceived to be a parasitical group that did not produce anything and were involved only in the exchange of goods. Mongols altered that attitude and in fact sought to facilitate international trade [also see The Mongols in China: Life for Merchants under Mongol Rule]. In China, for example, the Mongols increased the amount of paper money in circulation and guaranteed the value of that paper money in precious metals. They also built many roads — though this was only partly to promote trade — these roads were mainly used to facilitate the Mongols' rule over China. http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/history/history4.htm and this: Mongol Empire From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Expansion of the Mongol Empire Historical map of the Mongol Empire (1300~1405), the gray area is Timurid dynasty.The Mongol Empire, also known as the Mongolian Empire (Mongolian: Монголын Эзэнт Гүрэн (help·info), Mongolyn Ezent Güren; 1206–1405) was the largest contiguous empire in world history and for some time was the most feared in Eurasia. It was the product of Mongol and Turkic unification and invasions, which began with Genghis Khan being proclaimed ruler in 1206, eventually sparking the conquests. By 1279, the Mongol Empire covered over 33,000,000 km² (12,741,000 sq mi),[1] up to 22% of Earth's total land area. It held sway over a population of over 100 million people. However, by that time the empire had already fragmented, with the Golden Horde and the Chagatai Khanate being de facto independent and refusing to accept Kublai Khan as Khagan.[2][3] By the time of Kublai Khan's death, with no accepted Khagan in existence, the Mongol Empire had already split up into four separate khanates. During the beginning of the 14th century, most of the khanates of the Empire gradually broke off. They went on to be absorbed and defeated. Contents [hide] 1 Formation 1.1 Major events in the Early Mongol Empire 1.2 Major events in the late Mongol Empire 2 Organization 2.1 Military setup 2.2 Law and governance 2.3 Religions 2.3.1 Christianity 2.3.2 Islam 2.4 Trade networks 2.5 Mail system 3 Military conquests 3.1 Central Asia 3.2 Middle East 3.3 East Asia 3.4 Europe 4 After Genghis Khan 5 Vassals 5.1 European vassals 5.2 East and Southeast Asian vassals 5.3 Middle east vassals 5.4 Tributary states 6 Areas that Avoided Mongol Conquest 6.1 Western Europe 6.2 Vietnam and Japan 6.3 Indochina 6.4 South Asia 6.5 Arabia and Egypt 7 Disintegration 8 Silk Road 9 Legacy 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 13 External links [edit] Formation History of Mongolia Before Genghis Khan Mongol Empire Khanates - Chagatai Khanate - Golden Horde - Ilkhanate - Yuan Dynasty - Timurid Empire - Mughal Empire Crimean Khanate Khanate of Sibir Dzungar Qing Dynasty (Outer Mongolia, Mongolia during Qing) Mongolian People's Republic Modern Mongolia Inner Mongolia Buryat Mongolia Kalmyk Mongolia Hazara Mongols Aimak Mongols Timeline edit box Genghis Khan through political manipulation and military might, united the nomadic, previously ever-rivaling Mongol-Turkic tribes under his rule by 1206. He quickly came into conflict with the Jin Dynasty empire of the Jurchens and the Western Xia of the Tanguts in northern China. Under the provocation of the Muslim Khwarezmid Empire, he moved into Central Asia as well, devastating Transoxiana and eastern Persia, then raiding into Kievan Rus' (a predecessor state of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine) and the Caucasus. Before dying, Genghis Khan divided his empire among his sons and immediate family, but as custom made clear, it remained the joint property of the entire imperial family who, along with the Mongol aristocracy, constituted the ruling class. [edit] Major events in the Early Mongol Empire Eurasia on the eve of the Mongol invasions, c. 1200. Mongol Empire in 1227 at Genghis' death1206: Upon domination of Mongolia, Temüjin from the Orkhon Valley received the title Genghis Khan, thought to mean Oceanic Ruler or Firm, Resolute Ruler 1207: The Mongols operations against the Western Xia, which comprised much of northwestern China and parts of Tibet. This campaign lasted until 1210 with the Western Xia ruler submitting to Genghis Khan. During this period, the Uyghur Turks also submitted peacefully to the Mongols and became valued administrators throughout the empire. The creation of classic mongolian script. 1211: Genghis Khan led his armies across the Gobi desert against the Jin Dynasty of northern China. 1218: The Mongols captured Zhetysu and the Tarim Basin, occupying Kashgar. 1218: The execution of Mongol envoys by the Khwarezmian Shah Muhammad set in motion the first Mongol westward thrust. 1219: The Mongols crossed the Jaxartes (Syr Darya) and begin their invasion of Transoxiana. 1219–1221: While the campaign in northern China was still in progress, the Mongols waged a war in central Asia and destroyed the Khwarezmid Empire. One notable feature was that the campaign was launched from several directions at once. In addition, it was notable for special units assigned by Genghis Khan personally to find and kill Ala al-Din Muhammad II, the Khwarazmshah who fled from them, and ultimately ended up hiding on an island in the Caspian Sea. 1223: The Mongols gained a decisive victory at the Battle of the Kalka River, the first engagement between the Mongols and the East Slavic warriors. 1227: Genghis Khan's death; Mongol leaders returned to Mongolia for kuriltai. The empire at this point covered nearly 26 million km², about four times the size of the Roman or Macedonian Empires. 1229: Ogedei elected as Great khan 1232: The siege of Kaifeng. Missile-rockets were used by Jurcheds for the first time in world history. 1236: Mongols conquered Jurched Jin dynasty. 1236: Mongols invaded Korea and fully conquered northeren regions of Koguryo. 1236-1237: Mongol-Sung war began. 1237: Under the leadership of Batu Khan, the Mongols returned to the West and began their campaign to subjugate Kievan Rus' 1236-1239: Mongol invasion of Georgia and Armenia under Chormaqan. 1240: Mongols sacked Kiev. 1241: Mongols defeated Hungarians and Croatians at the Battle of Sajo and Poles, Templars and Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Legnica. 1241: Ogodei khan's death. 1241 and 1242 Mongols under Batu and Khadan invaded Bulgaria and forced them to pay annual tribute as vassal. 1246: Guyuk elected as Great khan. 1247: The first registration of the population of the empire. 1248: Great khan Guyuk passed away. 1251: Mongke, the elder son of Tolui, elected as Great khan. 1252: Mongol control over Yunnan. 1256: Hulagu exterminated the order of Assasins, whose leader known as Old man of the mountain. The foundation of Ilkhanate. 1258: Mongols occupied Baghdad. The fate of Abbasid caliphate. 1259: Mongol invasion of Syria. The death of Mongke. 1260: The battle of Ain Jalut [edit] Major events in the late Mongol Empire 1261: Two great khans in Mongol empire: Kublai khan and Arikboke. The civil war of the empire had begun. 1262: Berke-Hulagu war 1264: Kublai won the supporters of Arikboke. 1269: The School of Monglian language studies was established by Kublai khan's decree. 1271: The National Academy of Mongol empire was founded. 1274: The first Mongol invasion of Japan. 1276: The fall of Song dynasty. 1279: Mongols became supreme lords of all China. 1281: The second Mongol invasion of Japan. 1304: Peace negotitation between mongol khanates. 1307: Chapar, the son of Qaidu, submitted to the Great khan of Yuan dynasty. End of civil war. 1335: Last effective ilkhan Abu Said passed away. 1368: Yuan dynasty overthrown by Ming dynasty. [edit] Organization [edit] Military setup Main article: Mongol military tactics and organization The Mongol military organization was simple, but effective. It was based on an old tradition of the steppe, which was a decimal system known in Iranian cultures since Achaemenid Persia, and later: the army was built up from squads of ten men each, called an arban; ten arbans constituted a company of a hundred, called a jaghun; ten jaghuns made a regiment of a thousand called mingghan and ten mingghans would then constitute a regiment of ten thousand (tumen), which is the equivalent of a modern division. Unlike other mobile-only warriors, such as the Xiongnu or the Huns, the Mongols were very comfortable in the art of the siege. They were very careful to recruit artisans and military talents from the cities they conquered, and along with a group of experienced Chinese engineers and bombardier corps, they were experts in building the trebuchet, Xuanfeng catapults and other machines to which they can lay siege to fortified positions. These were effectively used in the successful European campaigns under General Subutai. These weapons may be built on the spot using immediate local resources such as nearby trees. Within a battle Mongol forces used extensive coordination of combined arms forces. Though they were famous for their horse archers, their lance forces were equally skilled and just as essential to their success. Mongol forces also used their engineers in battle. They used siege engines and rockets to disrupt enemy formations, confused enemy forces with smoke, and used smoke to isolate portions of an enemy force while destroying that force to prevent their allies from sending aid. The army's discipline distinguished Mongol soldiers from their peers. The forces under the command of the Mongol Empire were generally trained, organized, and equipped for mobility and speed. To maximize mobility, Mongol soldiers were relatively lightly armored compared to many of the armies they faced. In addition, soldiers of the Mongol army functioned independently of supply lines, considerably speeding up army movement. Skillful use of couriers enabled these armies to maintain contact with each other and with their higher leaders. Discipline was inculcated in nerge (traditional hunts), as reported by Juvayni. These hunts were distinct from hunts in other cultures which were the equivalent to small unit actions. Mongol forces would spread out on line, surrounding an entire region and drive all of the game within that area together. The goal was to let none of the animals escape and to slaughter them all. All military campaigns were preceded by careful planning, reconnaissance and gathering of sensitive information relating to the enemy territories and forces. The success, organization and mobility of the Mongol armies permitted them to fight on several fronts at once. All males aged from 15 to 60 and capable of undergoing rigorous training were eligible for conscription into the army, the source of honor in the tribal warrior tradition. Another advantage of the Mongols was their ability to traverse large distances even in debilitatingly cold winters; in particular, frozen rivers led them like highways to large urban conurbations on their banks. In addition to siege engineering, the Mongols were also adept at river-work, crossing the river Sajó in spring flood conditions with thirty thousand cavalry in a single night during the battle of Mohi (April, 1241), defeating the Hungarian king Bela IV. Similarly, in the attack against the Muslim Khwarezmshah, a flotilla of barges was used to prevent escape on the river. [edit] Law and governance See also: Organization of state under Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire was governed by a code of law devised by Genghis, called Yassa, meaning "order" or "decree". A particular canon of this code was that the nobility shared much of the same hardship as the common man. It also imposed severe penalties – e.g., the death penalty was decreed if the mounted soldier following another did not pick up something dropped from the mount in front. On the whole, the tight discipline made the Mongol Empire extremely safe and well-run; European travelers were amazed by the organization and strict discipline of the people within the Mongol Empire. Under Yassa, chiefs and generals were selected based on merit, religious tolerance was guaranteed, and thievery and vandalizing of civilian property was strictly forbidden. According to legend, a woman carrying a sack of gold could travel safely from one end of the Empire to another. The empire was governed by a non-democratic parliamentary-style central assembly, called Kurultai, in which the Mongol chiefs met with the Great Khan to discuss domestic and foreign policies. Genghis also demonstrated a rather liberal and tolerant attitude to the beliefs of others, and never persecuted people on religious grounds. This proved to be good military strategy, as when he was at war with Sultan Muhammad of Khwarezm, other Islamic leaders did not join the fight against Genghis — it was instead seen as a non-holy war between two individuals. Throughout the empire, trade routes and an extensive postal system (yam) were created. Many merchants, messengers and travelers from China, the Middle East and Europe used the system. Genghis Khan also created a national seal, encouraged the use of a written alphabet in Mongolia, and exempted teachers, lawyers, and artists from taxes, although taxes were heavy on all other subjects of the empire. At the same time, any resistance to Mongol rule was met with massive collective punishment. Cities were destroyed and their inhabitants slaughtered if they defied Mongol orders. [edit] Religions Mongols were highly tolerant of most religions, and typically sponsored several at the same time. At the time of Genghis Khan, virtually every religion had found converts, from Buddhism to Christianity and Manichaeanism to Islam. To avoid strife, Genghis Khan set up an institution that ensured complete religious freedom, though he himself was a shamanist. Under his administration, all religious leaders were exempt from taxation, and from public service.[4] Initially there were few formal places of worship, because of the nomadic lifestyle. However, under Ögedei, several building projects were undertaken in Karakorum. Along with palaces, Ogodei built houses of worship for the Buddhist, Muslim, Christian, and Taoist followers. The dominant religion at that time was Shamanism and Buddhism, although Ogodei's wife was a Christian.[5] [edit] Christianity Main article: Christianity among the Mongols Nestorian tombstone found in Issyk Kul, dated 1312.Some Mongols had been proselytized by Christian Nestorians since about the 7th century, and a few Mongols were converted to Catholicism, esp. by John of Montecorvino.[6] Some of the major Christian figures among the Mongols were: Sorghaghtani Beki, daughter in law of Genghis Khan, and mother of the Great Khans Möngke, Kublai, Hulagu and Ariq Boke; Sartaq, khan of Golden Horde; Doquz Khatun, the mother of the ruler Abaqa; Kitbuqa, general of Mongol forces in the Levant, who fought in alliance with Christians. Marital alliances with Western powers also occurred, as in the 1265 marriage of Maria Despina Palaiologina, daughter of Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus, with Abaqa. The 13th century saw attempts at a Franco-Mongol alliance with exchange of ambassadors and even military collaboration with European Christians in the Holy Land. The Nestorian Mongol Rabban Bar Sauma visited some European courts in 1287-1288. [edit] Islam Main article: Islam during the Yuan_Dynasty Although Berke was the first muslim leader of mongol khanates, fully adoption of the religion was quite later. Mongols had to use talent wherever they could find it because they were so few. So, muslims became a favored class of officials. Muslims were well educated and knew turkish and mongolian. Ghazan was the first muslim khan to adopt islam as national religion of Ilkhanate. After then, Uzbek forced his subjects to accept the religion. But moghulistan was another case. There, mongols enjoyed nomadic life style and buddhism and shamanism flourihed as well as christianity till 1350's. Though the Yuan Dynasty was the only Khanate not to convert to Islam, there had been many muslim foreigners. And the khans were tolerant to other religions. Contact between Great khan in China and Papal states lasted until the mid-14th century. [edit] Trade networks Mongols prized their commercial and trade relationships with neighboring economies and this policy they continued during the process of their conquests and during the expansion of their empire. All merchants and ambassadors, having proper documentation and authorization, traveling through their realms were protected. This greatly increased overland trade. During the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, European merchants, numbering hundreds, perhaps thousands, made their way from Europe to the distant land of China — Marco Polo is only one of the best known of these. Well-traveled and relatively well-maintained roads linked lands from the Mediterranean basin to China. The Mongol Empire had negligible influence on seaborne trade. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire#Trade_networks It is significant to note that when the Mongols were on the warpath, trade routes seized up, so they must be recognised as extremely important to the EAst-WEst TRade.

There are still people in Mongolia. Their trade is not limited to a few things. Like all world market members, they have a varied economy. If you want to know about some period in the past, you need to specify what time period. There are tens of thousands of years to deal with and like all nations, their goods and markets changed over time. However, since this appears to be a homework question, I wouldn't expect much help here. Try doing a search yourself.

Mongolians produced for their own consumption, cattle, horses, sheep, goats mainly. They traded some furs and horses with other tribes. Genghis Khan changed things. He conquered nearby tribes, and some say the world. Not exactly true. He conquered cities that resisted and brought home the treasures. He couldm't actually occoppuy all that conquered territory. But he did control all the trade routes from China and India to Europe. Much of our laws results from the Codus Mongolis.

The Bubonic Plague.