ANSWERS: 5
  • Not contracting any viral diseases...;)
  • I'm no Cellular Biologist, but if it's organic material I would guess incineration would be the best disposal method.
  • Femtosecond laser pulses that will kill the bacteria by lasers?
  • 1) You don't mean the information here on AB is always absolutely reliable, do you? I was somewhat schocked as I read your question, because I think that the problem of the treatment of "dangerous viral, bacterial and contagious biohazard materials" would be better dealt with from specialists that are very good informed about the problem, and it looks like you have to deal with this problem, but you are absolutely not informed about it. And I am afraid a little internet research can only give you a superficial idea about the problem, but for a real solution it would be better to hire a specialist. 2) "The United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) categorizes various diseases in levels of biohazard, Level 1 being minimum risk and Level 4 being extreme risk. - Biohazard Level 1: Several kinds of bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, canine hepatitis, Escherichia coli, varicella (chicken pox), as well as some cell cultures and non-infectious bacteria. At this level precautions against the biohazardous materials in question are minimal, most likely involving gloves and some sort of facial protection. Usually, contaminated materials are left in open (but separately indicated) trash receptacles. Decontamination procedures for this level are similar in most respects to modern precautions against everyday viruses (i.e.: washing one's hands with anti-bacterial soap, washing all exposed surfaces of the lab with disinfectants, etc). In a lab environment, all materials used for cell and/or bacteria cultures are decontaminated via autoclave. - Biohazard Level 2: Various bacteria and viruses that cause only mild disease to humans, or are difficult to contract via aerosol in a lab setting, such as hepatitis A, B, and C, influenza A, Lyme disease, salmonella, mumps, measles, HIV[1], scrapie. - Biohazard Level 3: Various bacteria and viruses that can cause severe to fatal disease in humans, but for which vaccines or other treatment exist, such as anthrax, West Nile virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, SARS, smallpox, tuberculosis, typhus, Rift Valley fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, yellow fever. - Biohazard Level 4: Exclusively viruses that cause severe to fatal disease in humans, and for which vaccines or other treatments are not available, such as Bolivian and Argentine hemorrhagic fevers, dengue fever, Marburg virus, Ebola virus, hantaviruses, Lassa fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and other various hemorrhagic diseases. When dealing with biological hazards at this level the use of a Hazmat suit and a self-contained oxygen supply is mandatory. The entrance and exit of a Level Four biolab will contain multiple showers, a vacuum room, an ultraviolet light room, and other safety precautions designed to destroy all traces of the biohazard. Multiple airlocks are employed and are electronically secured to prevent both doors opening at the same time. All air and water service going to and coming from a Biosafety Level 4 lab will undergo similar decontamination procedures to eliminate the possibility of an accidental release." Source and further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biohazard 3) "Sterilization (or sterilisation) refers to any process that effectively kills or eliminates transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, prions and spore forms etc.) from a surface, equipment, foods, medications, or biological culture medium. Sterilization can be achieved through application of heat, chemicals, irradiation, or filtration." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_%28microbiology%29 Further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosafety_level http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharps_waste
  • If you're asking for that kind of advice on this kind of forum, you might want to think twice about handling any kind of biohazards before you release the next Plague.

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