Tullahoma was founded in 1852 as a work camp along the new Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis RailroadNashville and Chattanooga Railroad. Its name is generally thought to be taken from a local Native American language, and might mean something like "red dirt." An alternative explanation (see Sam Davis Elliott's Soldier of Tennessee and sources cited therein) of the name is that Peter Decherd, who donated the land for the railroad right-of-way (and was therefore given the right to name two stations along the line), named one station Decherd, and the other Tulkahoma (later corrupted to Tullahoma). Tulkahoma was the name of Decherd's favorite horse, which was itself named for an Indian chief his grandfather had captured. Whatever the origin, Tullahoma is certainly one of the few towns in the world which shares its name with no other place. The town became highly significant during the American Civil WarCivil War, and served as the headquarters for the Confederate Army of Tennessee in 1863. The campaign of that year, which ultimately delivered control of Middle Tennessee to the Union (American Civil War)Union and opened the door to Atlanta, GeorgiaAtlanta, is known as the 'Tullahoma Campaign'. It was then still little more than a rough outpost, with no paved streets. 1863 was a wet year, and the place became known to the bedraggled troops of both sides as a place of endless mud. One witty officer on Union William J. HardeeGeneral William Hardee's staff is said to have written his own account of the origin of the name: "It is from two Greek words - 'Tulla' meaning mud, and 'Homa,' meaning more mud." The selection and use of Tullahoma as a headquarters by Confederate General Braxton Bragg has since been much criticized by military historians. Although the location was strategic with regard to the road and rail network, it had no strong natural defenses and little was done to fortify it during Bragg's occupation. Eventually the town was evacuated without a battle. After the war, Tullahoma recovered slowly, but began to prosper from its vital railroad link. During this period, Tullahoma became renowned for its educational facilities, a rarity in the area at the time. At the turn of the 20th century, Tullahoma became a popular health destination, with many spas across town. Manufacturing grew up in the area, notably of shoes, clothing, and sporting goods. In 1924, the General Shoe Corporation was established there, which would eventually grow into 'Genesco', a diversified apparel firm which is Tennessee's oldest listed firm on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1939, U.S. Highway 41A was built through town, giving it access to Nashville and Chattanooga. In the early to mid-20th century, the area benefited from considerable federal investment and development, from the Tennessee Valley Authority to the establishment of 'Camp Forrest', an infantry training center and later POW camp, and Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), where the United States Air ForceAir Force and NASA did early wind tunnel testing. Later the state located two significant institutions of higher learning there, Motlow State Community College, and the University of Tennessee SystemUniversity of Tennessee's 'Space Institute'. Today manufacturing is a smaller part of the Tullahoma economy, but the town's growth has been steady, although slow, based on a mixture of education, services, tourism, and retail. The presence of AEDC and the Space Institute, combined with a convenient proximity to the aerospace center of Huntsville, Alabama, has bred a small but thriving aeronautical industry as well. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tullahoma%2C_Tennessee