The town was first granted in 1736 by Colonial Governor Jonathan Belcher of Massachusetts, which then held authority over New Hampshire. It was granted to several Boston, MassachusettsBoston families, and was to have been called Lanestown or Piscataquog Township. Instead, by 1751 they called it New Boston after their hometown. Not all the grantees took up their claims, and the land was regranted ten years later to settlers from Londonderry, New HampshireLondonderry. When the town was incorporated in 1763, Governor Benning Wentworth formally recognized the long-used name of New Boston. In 1820, the town had 25 sawmills, 6 grain mills, 2 clothing mills, 2 carding mills, 2 tannerytanneries and a bark mill. It also had 14 schoolhouses and a tavern. The Great Village Fire of 1887, which started when a spark from a cooper (profession)cooper's shop set a barn on fire, destroyed nearly 40 buildings in the lower village. In 1893, the railroad came to New Boston, and farm produce was sent by rail to city markets. The train line was abandoned in the mid-1970s, and the former rail bed is today a walking path. The town is home to the 2,800-acre New Boston Air Force Station, which started as an Army Air Corps bombing range in 1942. By 1960, it had become a U.S. Air Force base for tracking military satellites. New Boston was also home to the Gravity Research Foundation from the late 1940s through the mid-1960s. In 2006, New Boston acquired a new police chief. Police chief Christopher Krajenka was a school resource officer for the high school in Goffstown, New HampshireGoffstown. Image:The Tavern, New Boston, NH.jpgThe Tavern in c. 1905 Image:The Creamery, New Boston, NH.jpgThe Creamery in c. 1912 Image:Railroad Station, New Boston, NH.jpgDepot in c. 1905 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Boston%2C_New_Hampshire