The sciatic nerve---the longest nerve in the body---runs from the lower back through the buttocks and down the legs. Anything that injures this nerve can lead to pain and inflammation, the most common cause being a herniated disk. Fortunately, conservative treatments can promote healing in a majority of people; in rare cases, you might require surgery.

Medication

Over-the-counter NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as aspirin, naproxen and ibuprofen target both pain and inflammation. Doctors can address more severe pain with prescription anti-inflammatories, muscle relaxants and, in the most serious cases, steroid injections directly into the affected area.

Movement

Maintaining some form of light exercise such as walking or and light stretching will ease pain and promote healing, according to the Mayo Clinic. Being too sedentary will promote stiffness and slow down the healing process.

Professional Treatments

Physical therapists can show you a variety of exercises that will promote healing and reduce your risk of future injuries. Chiropractic manipulation can reduce nerve pressure, according to MedicalNewsToday.com. Noted physician and author Dr. Andrew Weil recommends acupuncture, osteopathic manipulation, body movement therapies such as the Trager approach and Alexander technique, and working with a teacher trained in therapeutic yoga.

At-Home Treatments

Using hot and cold packs can ease inflammation and pain. Use cold applications such as an ice pack or bag of frozen peas for the first two day. After this time period, introduce heat, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Surgery

If your sciatica does not heal with conservative measures, you might require surgery to relieve the nerve compression. The type of surgery will depend on the cause of your sciatica. Ninety percent of people with sciatica recover without resorting to surgery, according to Weil.

Source:

Dr. Weil

MedicalNewsToday.com

The Mayo Clinic