by 
The Curious Bag
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When laboratory tests detect that a person's body is unable to properly convert glucose into usable energy for the body, a diagnosis of diabetes or pre-diabetes is generally made. The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test is one of the key indicators used to diagnose these conditions.
Fact
Normal test results on the FPG test are below 100 milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dl).
FPG Test
The fasting plasma glucose test is a blood test collected after the patient has gone without eating for at least 12 hours. The test determines the amount of glucose in the person's blood plasma. A person whose body is not metabolizing glucose properly will have elevated results on the test.
Pre-Diabetes
Pre-diabetes is defined as results on the FPG test between 100 and 125 mg/dl. This condition happens when a person's blood glucose levels are not high enough for a definitive diagnosis of diabetes, yet they are higher than normal. Pre-diabetes is also known as impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose.
Diabetes
Diabetes is diagnosed when the FPG test results are 126 mg/dl or higher.
Considerations
It is important to determine whether a person has pre-diabetes or diabetes, so that treatment can begin as soon as possible. Both diabetes and pre-diabetes can be managed with lifestyle changes and/or medications.
Source:
American Diabetes Association: Pre-Diabetes FAQs
American Diabetes Association: Diabetes Risk
More Information:
American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations
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