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The Curious Bag
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Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the walls of arterial blood vessels as the heart pumps and relaxes. Measured using a sphygmomanometer, the systolic pressure measures the peak pressure on the arteries as the heart pumps forcing blood into the bloodstream. Diastolic pressure measures the pressure on the arterial walls at the lowest point of arterial pressure when the heart briefly rests.
Basics
The top number of a blood pressure reading is the systolic. The bottom number is the diastolic. Previous medical guidelines for normal blood pressure was 120/80, with 120 being the systolic and 80 being the diastolic. New guidelines put normal systolic below 120 and diastolic below 80.
Cause
According to the American Heart Association, "In 90 -- 95 percent of cases, scientists don't know what causes high blood pressure," though they have determined contributing causes such as hardening of the arteries.
Complications
Also known as hypertension, if not treated properly it can lead to an enlarged heart, heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, heart failure, aneurysms, lower leg amputation and vision loss.
Symptoms
High blood pressure is called the silent killer because often there are no initial signs and symptoms. In some cases, headaches may occur.
Treatment
High blood pressure should not be ignored. If noted, immediately contact your physician immediately as prompt action should be taken if high blood pressure is diagnosed. It can be easily controlled with diet and exercise. Medication is available if necessary.
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