by 
The Curious Bag
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Recumbent bikes differ from traditional bikes in that the rider is in a reclining position. Recumbent bikes have ergonomic and aerodynamic advantages over upright bikes and have slightly different effects on the muscles of the leg, back and torso.
Pushing the Pedals
On recumbent bikes, the rider uses his glutes and quads to extend his legs and push the pedals, just as with upright bicycles.
Pulling the Pedals
Riding with toe clips allows the rider to pull the pedals on the pack swing, thereby working his hamstrings and hip flexors.
Supporting the Torso
On an upright bike, the rider needs to engage his abs and lower back in order to keep his upper body stable. The recumbent bike has a seat back, which supports the rider's torso and puts less strain on his lower back and abs.
Steering
The rider uses his biceps, triceps and pectoral muscles to steer the vehicle. Because the recumbent seat back supports the rider's torso, he does not need his arms and shoulders for support.
Balance
Recumbent bikes can have two to four wheels. On two-wheeled models, the rider needs to engage his abs to maintain his balance.
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