ANSWERS: 1
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Its not. The value given to little g ( 9.8 m/s^2 ) is an approximation its the average value of Earth's gravity as measured at the surface. The strength ( or apparent strength ) of Earth's gravity varies with latitude, altitude, local topography and geology. There are a number of instruments ( such as a gravimeter ) used to measure the force of gravity and variations in a gravitational field that are used to collect data and find the Earth's average field strength. Gravimeters have been developed that can detect variations in the Earth’s gravitational field as small as one part in 10,000,000. Historically experiments involving simple pendulums or dropping objects from known heights have been used to gauge Earth's surface gravity.
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