What is the cause for cystine stones (a rare form of kidney stone)? And is there a cure?
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ANSWERS: 2
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Treating Cystine Kidney Stones Can Be Tricky. ELIZABETH MECHCATIE. Family Practice News. April 15, 2000 v30 i8 p20. "Cystine stones arise from an enzymatic deficiency that is genetically inherited as a complex autosomal recessive pattern. This impairs renal and intestinal reabsorption of four dibasic amino acids: ornithine, lysine, and arginine (which are soluble in urine), and cystine (the least soluble). Treatment entails reducing urinary cystine levels through diet and use of thiol derivatives, in addition to increasing the solubility of cystine in the urine by adjusting the urinary pH. Dietary modification calls for increasing the fluid intake to 3-4 L a day and reducing sodium intake to less than 2 g a day, because sodium increases urinary cystine excretion. The surgical management of cystine stones include ultrasonic lithotripsy, percutaneous chemodissolution, and, rarely, open operative intervention." COPYRIGHT 2000 International Medical News Group
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