ANSWERS: 2
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Very long ago people began to spread to different regions of the world. Africa is considered the Cradle of Civilization and the skin color was dark because there was a large amount of melanium to protect against the sun's hot rays. As people spread and went into Europe and the colder regions, those who were fairer skin had an advantage because their lighter skin allowed them to have more benefit of the sun's rays. The northern regions didn't get as much exposure to the sun and the necessary Vitamin D. Those living near the equator needed darker skin to avoid their skin burning up and getting too much Vitamin D. Those living in the north benefitted by having lighter skins.
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