Arthroplasty is the replacement or repair of a joint using either the patient's own tissue or an artificial substitute, or prosthetic. Bipolar arthroplasty is when the replacement takes place on both sides of the body, such as both knees or hips.

Why?

According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), most people have bipolar arthroplasty of the hip or knee to increase mobility, improve the quality of life and/or decrease pain.

Cemented or uncemented?

When prosthetics are used, a doctor could potentially use two types: cemented or uncemented. According to NIAMS, cemented prosthetics are used for older, less active people with weak bones; uncemented ones are used for more active, younger individuals.

Common problems

After bipolar arthroplasty surgeries, the most common problem is hip dislocation because, according to Medline Plus, the "man-made hip is smaller than the original joint, the ball can come out of its socket." After bipolar arthroplasty of the knee, the most common problems are scarring and blood clots, as well as an inability to perform certain physical activities.

Study

A study published in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that bipolar arthroplasty improved the hip function of 81 percent of the subjects.

Before surgery

According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), before surgery it is best to talk to your doctor and ask questions about the anesthesia, type of prosthetic, hospital stay and pain management.

Source:

"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"; Bipolar Hip Arthroplasty as a Salvage Treatment for Instability of the Hip; Javad Parvizi, M.D., F.R.C.S., and Bernard F. Morrey, M.D.; 2000

NIAMS: Hip Replacement

AAOS: Preparing for Joint Replacement Surgery

More Information:

MedlinePlus: Hip Replacement