According to the National Institute of Mental Health, bipolar manic depression is a disorder that causes dramatic mood swings. The disorder entails manic episodes and depression and is a serious medical condition. Bipolar manic depression often develops when a person is in their late teens or in early adult years. At least half of all bipolar cases start before a person turns 25. Some individuals will experience symptoms during childhood.

Symptoms

The Mayo Clinic states that there are two phases of bipolar manic depression; the phases are manic and depression. Symptoms of the manic phase include rapid speech, inflated self-esteem, risky behavior, agitation, poor judgment, increased sex drive, and euphoria. Symptoms of the depression phase include guilt, anxiety, fatigue, irritability, sleep problems and suicidal thoughts.

Effects

Bipolar manic depression causes a person's energy and mood to shift and fluctuated abnormally. Individuals that are bipolar will experience emotional ups and downs that are intensified by the disorder. For example, an individual can feel highly irritable and then start to feel happy within a short time span. These episodes are referred to as mania and depression. The mood swings can last for weeks or months.

Risk Factors

Although scientists have not pinpointed a single cause for bipolar manic depression there are certain things that can influence the risk of developing the illness. Genetics plays a role and the disorder tends to run in families. Environment may also play a role. Environmental causes include high stress, a significant loss or problems with self-esteem.

Medications

Fortunately there is treatment for bipolar manic depressants. A common treatment for the disorder is mood-stabilizing medications. Antidepressant medications are sometimes used to treat the symptoms of bipolar as well. Generally, people with bipolar manic depression will take a mood stabilizer in addition to an antidepressant medication. The ultimate goal of medication is to provide stabilization of mood swings. If a person leaves the disorder untreated it could worsen.

Side Effects

Mood stabilizers and antidepressant medications can cause some side effects. Some common side effects include dry mouth, acne, restlessness, dizziness, constipation, sexual problems and sleep problems. Other treatment options available for people with bipolar manic depression include peer support groups and mental health specialists.

Source:

National Institute of Mental Health

Mayo Clinic