by 
adel
ANSWERS: 3
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just normal wear and tear. there are a lot of metal parts that directly rub against each other at very fast rates and no matter how much, or how fresh, the lubrication is there's still going to be heat and wear over time. after a while, too much metal is worn away and those parts must be replaced.
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There are usually 2 types of overhaul. One is minor overhaul sometimes known as top overhaul and the other is major overhaul. Top overhaul normally will be extended to only the replacements of valves and piston rings however a major overhaul will be the replacement of pistons and rings,valves, timing belt/chain and bearings,and sometimes cam shafts. In a worst scenario, a crankshaft may also be replaced if damaged. To avoid serious damages, the engine must be maintained according to its factory recommended schedule such as changing Lub. oil ,oil and fuel filters, spark plugs ( for older models ),fan belts,battery water top up and toping up brake and clutch fluids.By adhering to schedule service maintenance , you can avoid early wear and tear that ends up into an overhaul. Very often a major overhaul had to be done when the engine gasket burned out due to carelessness of not monitoring the engine temp.when it gets overheated ;due to failure to top up the radiator and when the temperature monitor and the radiator pump malfuction or when any parts of the cooling system leaks.
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I think that the first question is should your engine be overhauled at all? If you have a race car or sports car or classic car than it makes sense to rebuild the engine. If you're driving an older dodge neon or buick lesabre or any other vehicle whose resale value isn't as high as the price to rebuild the engine than it isn't worth doing it. As for why an engine should be overhauled. If you want more power from the engine or if the engine wears out or has a catastrophic failure of some sort and the car is worth more than the cost of a rebuild than go ahead and rebuild the engine.
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