ANSWERS: 5
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it was none other than Isaac Newton, for once I did not have to look that one up, (O: I am happy (O:
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Physics goes back to Ancient Greece (well long before really, the Egyptians couldn't have built the pyramids without knowing physics for example) but the word comes from Greek, it means Nature. Eastern societies also did physics at roughly the same times but obviously didn't call it Physics until more recently. Western physics begins with the Greeks like Anaximader and especially Aristotle. He wrote extensively on physics and his are probably the earliest treaties that survive today. As the answer below says Issac Newton is really considered the father of modern western physics. However if you are talking real modern physics I would say look to Max Planck and Albert Einstein.
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I'd have to credit Galileo as the first great physicist who applied the methods of modern science (strict adherence to observation and logic). He predated Newton.
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"The emergence of physics as a science distinct from natural philosophy began with the scientific revolution" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics "The event which many historians of science call the scientific revolution can be dated roughly as having begun in 1543, the year in which Nicolaus Copernicus published his De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) and Andreas Vesalius published his De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human body)." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_revolution Copernicus was the founding father of physics.
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As a physicist, my main nominations off hand would be... Gallileo (who took the greeks notion that nature restores all things to their resting state, and changed it into nature leaves things as they are, e.g. if you roll a ball it will keep rolling unless there is a stopping force) Maxwell, Newton (who did alot more than just gravitational laws, his work on calculus is fundamental), Einstein, Lorentz... If I had to pick one 'saviour' though I think it would be Maxwell, it's a shame he's not as well known as he should be, but he came up with ground-breaking equations for Electromagnetism (maxwell's equations are the 8 key laws we hold true there), Thermodynamics (he relates entropy to physical concepts), probably a few other topics I dont know as well yet.
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