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A "perfect" flower contains both male and female sexual organs, stamens and pistils, respectively. A perfect flower can self-pollinate or be cross-pollinated with pollen from another flower. The stamen is the male reproductive organ of the flower. It consists of an anther, the pollen sac, supported by a stem called a filament. The grains of pollen that are released by the stamen contain the male sex cells of the plant. The pistil is the female reproductive organ of the flower. When a grain of pollen lands on the stigma at the tip of the pistil, it releases chemicals that stimulate the pollen to grow a tube. This grows towards the flower's ovary or ovule. The pistil is supported by a stem, called the style, through which the pollen grows. Once the pollen reaches the ovule, the male sperm can fertilize the female egg contained in the ovule. The pollen grain also fertilizes the endosperm, which provides nourishment for the embryo (seed) as it grows. [With information from "The Principles of Gardening", H. Johnson.]
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