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    More than 95% of all cases of SVCS are associated with cancers involving the upper chest. The cancers most commonly associated with SVCS are advanced lung cancers, which account for nearly 80% of all cases of SVCS, and lymphoma. Cancers that have spread (metastasized) to the chest, such as metastatic breast cancer to the chest and metastatic testicular cancer to the chest have also been shown to cause SVCS.

    Other causes of SVCS include: the formation of a blood clot in the superior vena cava, enlargement of the thyroid gland, tuberculosis, and sarcoidosis.

    The symptoms of SVCS include:

    • change in voice
    • confusion
    • cough
    • enlargement of the veins in the upper body, particularly those in the arms
    • headache
    • light-headedness
    • shortness of breath
    • swelling of the arms
    • swelling of the face
    • trouble swallowing

    Source: The Gale Group. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.";

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