I know how to polish and create the cable links. What Multi mode and Single mode are and the advantages of both. As well as the cost of equipment for fiber. Thats the basic's I wont type up a big list.

Something to the effect that they can transmit about 1000 or more signals per square centimeter more than old fashioned copper wiring used to. I am not a scientist so if my figures are off please do not hold it against me. I also know that they have a harder time bending around corners but there is technology out there that can resolve this problem. Data exchange should be faster and communications should be clearer as well.

I know that they can transmit light an extrodinary distance through even a very thin wire.

I think it is the fastest channel for data transmission. Verizon put a lot of money for that. I love my cisco class way back...

Quite a bit about the physics and use. Been working with them for quite some time. From both the FDDI, GbE, and SAN perspective. I carry a laser pointer with me as a troubleshooting tool.

What do you need to know ;) . *used in telecommunications since the 1970's . *signal loss due to scattering/absorption/radiation... its called radiation when the fiber bends around a corner... never understood that... . *SONET is a big part ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_optical_networking . *Its blooming quick OC-192 can go 10 Gbps (Over TEN BILLION pulses per SECOND.) . *It supports Multiplexing, that means it can carry multiple signals at the same time. A voice call needs 64Kbps. 10,000,000,000/64,000 means it can carry 156,250* voice conversations at once, without screwing up. (The actual number is a little less) . *It uses GPS satellites maintained by the US military to get the timing right. If your sending ten billion pulses a second, the computer receiving needs the exact same time... . . . Please correct me if I'm wrong, and just ask if you'd like more details ;) . -noise . edit: . That wiki link speaks if OC-3072... 159Gb/s. wow. My text book was published in 2007 and only includes OC-192 :o . 159,000,000,000/64,000 = 2,484,375 voice conversations. (again, its actually a little less)

In its simplest terms, fiber optics is a medium for carrying information from one point to another in the form of light. Unlike the copper form of transmission, fiber optics is not electrical in nature. A basic fiber optic system consists of a transmitting device, which generates the light signal; an optical fiber cable, which carries the light; and a receiver, which accepts the light signal transmitted. The fiber itself is passive and does not contain any active, generative properties.

A fiber-optic network is a system for optical fiber communications which consists of a number of fiber-optic links and additional components which make it possible to send data from any node of the network to any other one. Optical networks are grouped according to the covered area: * A local area network (LAN) links two or more points within a small area, e.g. within a building or between a few buildings. * A metropolitan area network (MAN) covers a larger area, e.g. that of a city. * A wide area network (WAN) extends over a larger area, e.g. a whole country or even more. Typically, larger-scale networks are built by connecting smaller-scale networks. For examples, metropolitan networks can be connected to form a wide area network. It is possible to use optical networks to supply data over the "last mile" to single homes and offices. This technology is called fiber to the home (FTTH). Another distinction is that of active optical networks, containing active components such as fiber amplifiers, and passive optical networks (PON), using only passive components such as e.g. optical filters and splitters (apart from the always required transmitters and receivers). According to the data rate, additional attributes can be given. For example, GPON means gigabit PON, which is a passive optical network with a downstream data rate of 2.5 Gbit/s and an upstream rate of 1.25 Gbit/s.

Hellaphunt, Most of the answers for you relate to the application of fiber-optics. If you're more interested in the physics of light propagation through the fibers, you may wish to look into characteristics such as "critical angle," which detrmines the cone of light that will propagate due to "total internal reflection." Other characteristics include "attenuation" (how much light is lost due to absorption), "dispersion" (the change in pulse shape due to differnt wavelengths experiencing different index of refraction), and "single-mode" vs. "multi-mode" fibers. I can provide a bit more detail if this interests you.

Okay then. For core index n1 and cladding index n2, the critical angle within the fiber (measured relative to the surface normal, is theta_c = arcsin(n2/n1). Note that the core index is higher than the cladding index. (Light always tends toward a higher index.) The maximum angle from the axis of the fiber that will propagate from ambient index n0 is theta_max, where theta_max = arcsin[(1/n0)*(sqrt(n1^2-n2^2))] {1} This determines the numerical aperture of the coupling lens system to "funnel" the light into the fiber. --- {1} Hecht, "Optics",2nd edn., 1990, p.171 --- Single-mode fibers have core dimensions ranging from ~ 1 micron to ~ 5 microns (diameter), while high power multi-mode fibers cores can be 125 microns to 250 microns. The minimum bend radius of the fiber tracks with the core diameter. Single mode fibers exhibit lower dispersion, so pulse shapes stay intact over longer distances. Multi-mode fibers are typically used to deliver high power beams for laser welding or laser projection (as in light shows). Fiber arrays can be used to form fiberoptic faceplates, which are useful in image tubes. They can also be used to create novelty devices that transfer an image from one plane to another. Each fiber of the faceplates forms a single pixel of the sampled image. I hope this brief elaboration is helpful. Please let me know if you'd like more detial.

what is the differant between singel mode 8.5/125 optical fiber cable and 9/125 optical fiber cable will hardware related to system change if we change 8.5/125 cable to 9/125 cable

Quite a bit, thanks to my local yo...

fiber optic is a type of media that operates lightwaves...

fibre optics is made of glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length.A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves.

Fiber optic uses light to carry digital signals through optical cables. Because of reflection fiber optics digital signals is reflected in the core of the optical cable resulting to transfer information. The technology it brings is used by Telecommunications Equipment because of its efficiency and advantages in terms of data transmission. http://www.techrentals.com.au/