ANSWERS: 1
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As described below. A diode allow current to travel in one direction only. A photodiode does so much more. "A photodiode is a semiconductor diode that functions as a photodetector. Photodiodes are packaged with either a window or optical fibre connection, in order to let in the light to the sensitive part of the device. They may also be used without a window to detect vacuum UV or X-rays." from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode
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