They call it Chángchéng, which means "long wall" in English.

Chángchéng or Wànlǐ Chángchéng: 1) If you want to know the name that the Chinese give in their language to the Great Wall of China, they use following two names: - Traditional Chinese: 長城; Simplified Chinese: 长城; Pinyin: Chángchéng; literally "Long wall" - Traditional Chinese: 萬里長城; Simplified Chinese: 万里长城; Pinyin: Wànlǐ Chángchéng; literally "The long wall of 10,000 Li (里)" Source and further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_wall_of_china In point 1 of my original answer at the bottom, you can read more from that Wikipedia article. So, if the Chinese use the Chinese language (or language family), they call it as said before. 2) here some information to the Chinese language or language family: "Chinese language, a language or language family that forms part of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages - Standard Mandarin, the standard spoken form of the Chinese and most commonly taught as a foreign language. It is also an official language in the predominately Chinese Singapore. - Standard Cantonese, often officially referred to as "Chinese" in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau in the People's Republic of China - Spoken Chinese, many regional variants of the Chinese language" Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese Traditional Chinese und Simplified Chinese sind the two standardized sets of printed Chinese characters. Pinyin is the most common Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. 3) To be accurate, I pointed in my original answer at the following facts: - if the Chinese used English, they would obviously call it the English name. - if you understand the question as "What [object] do the chinese call the great wall of china?", it is the same as we do if they use English, and it is nothing if not. But this kind of logic don't seem to be always appreciated... ------- ORIGINAL ANSWER ------ 1) "The Great Wall of China (Traditional Chinese: 長城; Simplified Chinese: 长城; Pinyin: Chángchéng; literally "Long wall") or (Traditional Chinese: 萬里長城; Simplified Chinese: 万里长城; Pinyin: Wànlǐ Chángchéng; literally "The long wall of 10,000 Li (里)") is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire during the rule of successive dynasties. Several walls, referred to as the Great Wall of China, were built since the 5th century BC, the most famous being the one built between 220 BC and 200 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. That wall was much further north than the current wall, built during the Ming Dynasty, and little of it remains. The Great Wall is the world's longest human-made structure, stretching over approximately 6,400 km (4,000 miles) from Shanhai Pass in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. It is also the largest human-made structure ever built in terms of surface area and mass." Source and further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_wall_of_china 2) Either I first did not acurately read the question, or it was changed after I read it. I thought the question was: "How do the chinese call the great wall of china?" The answer would have been: they call it mostly with its chinese names, which I indicated above, because they mostly use the chinese language. And if they use English, they call it "the great wall of china" 3) But the question is: "What do the chinese call the great wall of china?" So the answer should be: - if they don't speak english, there is nothing that they would call so - if they are speaking english, which could happen, they call with this expression exactly the same thing that any english speaker would call with it, so just what you also call "the great wall of china", when you are using english, I mean this "series of stone and earthen fortifications in China" extensively described above.

chang(2)cheng(2)

The third answer is perfect. I even don't know that much like he does. We call it " 萬 里 長 城 " in Chinese. " Wang Li Charng Cheng " 萬:means ten thousands or a great many 里:a unit of length equal to half kilometer 長: long 城: city wall When you see these words " 萬 里 長 城 ", you get the picture: It must be a very long wall.

I just call it Chang Chen, but I'm pretty sure the full name is Wang Li Chang Chen.