The Paragard intrauterine device is a T-shaped device made of copper that a physician inserts into a woman's uterus to prevent pregnancy. Despite its effectiveness, the Paragard IUD poses a risk for side effects in some women.

Types of Side Effects

The most common side effects of the Paragard IUD include vaginal bleeding or menstrual pain. Other side effects are also possible, such as anemia, backaches, increased vaginal discharge and skin hives.

Time Frame

Bleeding and menstrual pain caused by the Paragard IUD are most common during the first year after insertion of the device, with the percentage of women experiencing the effects diminishing over the years that follow, explains the U.S. National Library of Medicine. During the first three weeks following insertion, women sometimes develop vaginal infections, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Expulsion

In some cases, the Paragard IUD shifts from place and becomes partially expelled from the uterus, requiring medical attention to remove the device. Approximately 5.7 percent of women experience this during the first year of treatment, with the frequency of expulsion decreasing over time, explains the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Risks

Infrequently, women become pregnant event with the Paragard IUD in place, which poses a risk for miscarriages, shock, bleeding and even death. Other risks associated with Paragard include pelvic inflammatory infection or a perforation or hole in the uterus.

Considerations

The Paragard IUD may not be safe for women with a history of AIDS, HIV, uterine abnormalities, endometritis, cervical or uterine cancer, vaginal bleeding, cervicitis, copper allergy or Wilson's disease, warns the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Source:

U.S. National Library of Medicine Daily Med: PARAGARD T380A (copper) intrauterine device

Mayo Clinic: Birth Control Guide