by 
The Curious Bag
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Evidence is anything offered to prove or disprove a fact during a legal proceeding. Material evidence is anything relevant to or with substantive bearing on a specific fact in a case.
Evidence in General
Evidence can come in different forms, such as witness testimony, documents or tangible objects such as bloody clothing or a weapon.
Immaterial Evidence
Evidence that does not offer proof regarding a fact or issue in the case is immaterial. Such evidence lacks probative value and is inadmissible.
Material Evidence
Material evidence must be logically connected to the facts and issues of a case. Rule 401 of the Federal Rules of Evidence defines materiality as "of consequence to the determination of the action." This means that the evidence makes the existence of a fact or issue more or less likely.
Relevant Evidence
Relevant evidence is evidence that is material and probative. Relevant evidence is generally admissible. However, there are some circumstances where even relevant, material evidence is inadmissible.
Inadmissible Evidence
Some relevant, material evidence can still be inadmissible. Evidence such as hearsay or privileged material is inadmissible by statute. Also, evidence that may confuse a jury or prejudice it against a party is inadmissible because the probative value is outweighed by those dangers.
Source:
Black's Law Dictionary; Bryan A. Garner (editor); 2006 (3d edition).
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