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Mesothelioma is a disease wherein malignant (cancerous) cells are located in the mesothelium, the protective sac that covers most of the body's internal organs. According to the National Cancer Institute, 70 to 80 percent of people diagnosed with mesothelioma have been exposed to asbestos.
Types
There are two main types of mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma involves the mesothelium membrane that surrounds the lungs. Peritoneal mesothelioma involves the mesothelium layer covering the organs in the abdominal region.
Symptoms
Pleural mesothelioma manifests itself as pain in the chest and shortness of breath. Peritoneal mesothelioma symptoms include weight loss, abdominal pain and swelling in the abdominal area.
Diagnosis
Mesothelioma is confirmed by a biopsy. Diagnosis is difficult because the symptoms are often related to numerous other conditions. Exam, x-rays, lung function tests, CT scan and MRIs are often done before a confirmed diagnosis by biopsy.
Significance
Exposure to asbestos is the primary risk factor for mesothelioma. According to the Mayo Clinic, it can take 30 to 40 years for mesothelioma to develop following asbestos exposure.
Considerations
Mesothelioma is often diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease, and prognosis is poor. Treatment options should be discussed in detail with your physician.
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