by 
The Curious Bag
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Hydraulic power steering as it is known today has been in existence since Chrysler's HydraGuide system in 1951. These systems rely upon a series of pumps and rams to convert engine-generated fluid pressure into power for turning a steering assembly.
Power Steering Function
A power-steering system works by taking fluid pressure generated by an engine-mounted gerotor pump, and using it to drive a two-way hydraulic cylinder. This cylinder is attached to the steering link and allows it to move easier.
System Pressure
The high pressure side of some systems can exceed 1,000 psi, but average pressure is closer to 600.
Pressure Lines
To cope with the incredible pressures they experience, power-steering pressure lines come with a great deal of internal reinforcement and crimped-on fittings.
Pressure Leaks
A high-side power-steering line leak can rapidly drain your fluid reservoir, which will be preceded by a loss or reduction in power assistance.
Hybrid Systems
Some newer systems also use an electric motor to assist in steering duties, requiring less fluid pressure to operate.
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Resource:
Power Steering Animation (Video)
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