by 
The Curious Bag
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Throttle body spacers are a prime example of modifications that work quite well on some cars and not at all on others. The efficacy of this simple mod depends largely upon the engine, and the extent to which it has been otherwise altered.
Location
TB Spacers fit in between the throttle body (main air valve of the engine) and the intake manifold plenum (the large space behind it).
Theory
Along with throttle body flow, an intake manifold's plenum size determines the reserve of air that an engine can call upon when required. A large plenum is crucial to making top-end horsepower.
Function
By moving the throttle body a little further out, a spacer can increase plenum size by as much as 20 percent on some cars.
Effectiveness
On unmodified, fuel-injected engines with sufficient plenum volume, many customers report that TB spacers make little to no difference in power.
Modified Applications
On engines internally modified for increased airflow (camshafts, larger valves, ported cylinder heads), throttle body spacers can make a crucial difference in power production.
Source:
Off Road eZine: Throttle Body Spacer for 03-08 Dodge Ram
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