by 
The Curious Bag
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The total blood cholesterol in the body is the combination of triglycerides, Lp(a) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL is commonly known as good cholesterol because high levels seem to protect the body from heart attack and heart disease.
Lipoproteins
Cholesterol, which is not able to dissolve in the bloodstream, needs to be transported to and from body cells. Lipoproteins are the carriers that transport cholesterol.
Benefits of HDL
Experts believe HDL helps the body by slowing the build-up of plaque in the arteries. HDL is thought to carry excess cholesterol away from the arteries toward the liver, where it will be eliminated from the body.
Amount
HDL makes up 1/4 to 1/3 of all blood cholesterol. According to the American Heart Association, a level of HDL cholesterol that is 60 mg/dL or higher is beneficial for heart health.
Low Levels
HDL levels that are too low are dangerous and put you at a higher risk for heart disease. Levels that are lower than 40 mg/dL for men and lower than 50 mg/dL for women can be a cause of concern.
What Can Effect HDL Levels?
HDL levels can be lower if a person smokes, is overweight or does not get enough physical activity. Anabolic steroids, progesterone and testosterone also lower HDL cholesterol levels.
Source:
The Human Body in Health and Illness; Barbara Herlihy, PhD, RN; 2003
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