ANSWERS: 4
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The Atmosphere of Venus is mostly Carbon Dioxide with small amounts of Nitrogen. Since CO (A Greenhouse Gas) makes up most of its atmosphere it is utterly impossible to support human life. As a result of this Greenhouse Effect, the mean surface temperature of Venus is roughly 500 degrees higher than would be expected on a planet with a comparable O2 atmosphere. (This actually makes Venus a hotter planet than Mercury even though it’s twice as far away!) Beyond that, the surface pressure of Venus 90 times that of the surface of the Earth. To equal the pressure found on the surface of Venus, one would have to travel about a kilometer below the ocean! While the winds in the upper atomosphere are VERY strong, the winds at ground level are quite slow moving, however because of the upper atmosphere, they have terriable killing power. So even if the greenhouse gases and heat were allowed to leave, the winds and pressure at surface level are still serious problems to colonization.
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In asking the question of whether we can make Venus habitable, we need to first understand why it is not. Why did Venus become the oven that it is today? Venus and Earth are about the same size and were probably made of the same materials in about the same proportions. So, why is Venus an inhospitable furnace while Earth support abundant life? The key seem to be the relationship between distance from the Sun and the presence of water. Venus is closer to the Sun than Earth is. Therefore, Venus has always been hotter. As the atmospheres of these two planets were out-gassed from their interiors, the primary gas to come out would have been water vapor with CO2 as a distant second. Water vapor is a more important greenhouse gas than CO2. Earth was far enough from the sun that the atmosphere was able to cool to the point at which the water vapor could condense to form liquid water and rain out of the atmosphere creating the oceans, lakes, streams, etc. This would have left an atmosphere that was mostly C02. CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid. This acid reacted with rocks to ultimately produce various carbonate minerals which precipitated out of the sea water to form rocks (primarily limestone). Photosynthetic life evolved somewhat later and began turning some of the CO2 into O2. So, most of our CO2 is stored in rocks and some having been turned into O2. Furthermore, the oxygen in the upper atmosphere protects us from higher energy ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Now, Venus being closer to the Sun may just never have had as much water as Earth does. However, Venus should have had more than we see in its atmosphere today. What probably happened is that Venus' closeness to the Sun plus the greenhouse gasses in its atmosphere worked together to raise the temperature to a point at which liquid water is not stable. (If it ever was stable on Venus' surface, it did not remain so for very long.) Because, liquid water was not stable, life was not able to evolve. So, there were nothing to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and nothing to generate substantial amounts of free oxygen. Without the free oxygen there is nothing in the atmosphere to stop the solar UV radiation. This radiation slowly split apart the water molecules in the atmosphere. The hydrogen from the water molecules escaped into space and the oxygen probably combined with other elements (primarily iron) in the rocks. So, CO2 just continued to build up in Venus's atmosphere until it became the kiln that it is today. So, this leads us into a circular problem. In order to make Venus habitable, we need to get to a point where liquid water is stable to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. However, in order to do this we first need to remover CO2 from the atmosphere so that we can bring the temperature down far enough to make water stable. It's a vicious loop. Venus just started off too hot and there is probably nothing that we can do to overcome this problem. ************ Addendum, another problem with making Venus habitable is the length of its day. Venus rotates so slowly that the time between sunrises is 117 Earth days. So, without the insulating effect of the greenhouse gasses in its atmosphere, Venus would have huge swings in temperature from day to night as the Sun would have 58.5 days to heat the day side of the planet.
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Well, it is too close to the sun for us, and there is no protective atmosthere, it is a very rough planet, I do not believe if the gases were to escape, we would be able to live there. The temperatures are very high, and the winds are very strong. I think we are better off on Mars, myself, I hope this helps.
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Making Venus habitable by such means, a process referred to as 'terraforming', is far more complex than that. Additonal problems must be surmounted, namely how to provide adequate radiation protection without the existance of a significant planetary magnatic field, importation of gigatons of water, and establishing a viable, living biosphere capable if evolving and maintaining an ecology which would support terrestrial life. These processes would take millenia to establish, even had we the technology to strip away the excess heat and greenhouse gasses and import the necessary water overnight.
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