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A system used mainly in on-road cars to drive all four wheels, rather than just the front or back. All Wheel Drive is not generally designed to be used off road, but rather as a traction enhancement in slippery driving conditions. All Wheel Drive comes in one of two main forms: constant or on demand. On demand systems usually operate in 2WD, and engage AWD when needed. There are many different systems for this: hydraulic, electronic and mechanical. Constant AWD means that the drivetrain is designed to transmit power to both ends of the car all the time. Usually this is accomplished by a third differential that sits in the gearbox, however there are various other methods of achieving this.
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