ANSWERS: 7
  • Francis Bellamy (1855 - 1931), a Baptist minister, wrote the original Pledge in August 1892. He was a Christian Socialist. In his Pledge, he is expressing the ideas of his first cousin, Edward Bellamy, author of the American socialist utopian novels, Looking Backward (1888) and Equality (1897). The Pledge was published in the September 8th issue of The Youth's Companion, the leading family magazine and the Reader's Digest of its day.
  • Frances Bellamy
  • The original was written by Francis Bellamy.
  • A hotly contested issue. Officially, Francis Bellamy in 1892. It has been modified three times since then. This has site has an interesting article on how that answer was determined. http://www.flagday.org/Pages/StoryofPledge.html
  • This article has all you'd ever want to know about the Pledge: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pledge_of_allegiance The short answer is, the words "under God" were stuck in there in 1954 by Congress to show how much the U.S.A. was different from the U.S.S.R., which was officially an atheist nation. The rest of the words were written by a Socialist Baptist minister named Francis Bellamy in 1892.
  • Francis Bellamy .A Socialist Baptist Minister September 7th 1892 The last change was made in 1954
  • Frances bellamy in 1892. he was a socialist, baptist and it was also changed several times after the original document.

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