ANSWERS: 5
-
People would fall off maybe not literally falling off like a building but maybe like floating away because of sudden gravity change. It would look like this.
-
Most of the world is square, daddy-o! Except for a few hep cats.
-
If the world was square, we would have been created differently. In other words, non-symmetrical.
-
It would be like Super Mario Galaxy, their physics was pretty good.
-
1) If the laws of physics do not change, the Earth as it is made could not be square. The Earth is basically fluid, and the normal form taken by a fluid under gravity is a ball. The Earth crust is extremely thin, compared to the mass of the Earth, so it would not play any role in changing the mass. Apart from the tidal influence from the sun or the moon, the main element that could change the form of the Earth would be the rotation velocity. Further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium#Astrophysics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_force http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roche_limit 2) "Setting up a mathematical model of the Earth, taking into account all its properties, is extremely complicated: the Earth has a non-homogeneous interior, there are internal flows of the molten material, there is a relatively thin crust, etc. A mathematical model is only feasible if the question at hand is simplified. Studying a mass of an ideal fluid (ie. with zero viscosity), floating in the vacuum of empty space, and subject to a rotation, yields calculable results that should at least give a reasonable indication on what would happen in reality. In 1742, the Scotsman Colin MacLaurin published "A Treatise on Fluxions", a milestone in the history of calculus. Amidst items for which he is better kownn (eg.the MacLaurin series), the book also contains a study on the shape of rotating bodies. MacLaurin shows that, as the angular momentum increases, the Earth will get ever more flat. The shape is an ellipsoid with two equal axes, rotating around the short axis. The ellipsoid becomes a disc with an ever increasing radius. The rotation speed first increases, but the speed reaches a maximum and will then decrease. As the radius of the disc continues to grow and tends toward infinity, the rotation speed will tend toward zero: L can be expressed as L=ω.I, where I is the moment of inertia. For a constant mass, the moment of inertia of any object will get larger and larger as the object takes on a shape where a radial dimension becomes larger and larger. Therefore the rotation speed ω must go to zero for a finite L and an ever increasing radius." "In 1834, Carl Jacobi got interested in the problem. Through his deep knowledge of elliptic functions, he was able to prove that there can be stable configurations that are ellipsoids, just like the MacLaurin shapes, but that these can transition to an ellipsoid shape with 3 unequal axes. The images and movie below show the transition to the 'Jacobi ellipsoids'. Note that, just like the MacLaurin nearly flat Earth, the speed of rotation diminishes as the excentricity of the ellipsoid increases." "In 1885, the great Henri Poincaré published an article in Acta Mathematica entitled "Sur l'équilibre d'une masse fluide animée d'un mouvement de rotation" ("on the equilibrium of a fluid mass in rotation"). Here he described how the path of the Jacobi ellipsoids encounters multiple bifurcation points. (Illustrated in the picture below on the left) However, the shape of the mass of fluid after that bifurcation is not an ellipsoid anymore. Poincaré called it piriforme ( pear shaped ). He made a drawing of what he thought the shape would be (below on the right), which as it turns out, was wrong. Poincaré was a genius mathematician, but had problems making accurate drawings, probably due to his bad eyesight." Source and further information: http://www.josleys.com/show_gallery.php?galid=313 3) If the Earth was not fluid, maybe we could for some classes of materials consider a square Earth. However, due to gravity, water and air would concentrate in the middle of the six square sides. So there would probably be 6 different underworlds, which would not easily communicate with each other. 4) "Each face of the cube would be a single time zone, with the sun rising and setting at the same moment everywhere in that face. Also, the height of the sun in the sky, the primary cause of our climates, would be the same everywhere in that face. Therefore, as Rich Mickelsen points out, there would be little variation in temperature, little wind, and "we probably would have suffocated in our own pollution by now." If the axis of rotation went through the middle of opposite faces, those two whole faces, on the top and bottom, would have one, half-year-long summer day and one, half-year-long winter night, just as at the poles of our round earth. In the four faces on the sides, the sun would pass directly overhead only on the first day of spring and the first day of fall, just as on the equator of our round earth. If the axis of rotation went though opposite corners, the three faces on top would have winter while the three faces on the bottom had summer. There would be other major new influences on the climate. As Rich Mickelsen points out, the edges would be Huge mountain ranges, thousands of miles high, reaching up into space, dwarfing Mt Everest, which is just about five miles high. Separate civilizations would be isolated around the oceans in the "valleys" at the centers of each face." Source and further information: http://www.maa.org/features/mathchat/mathchat_1_4_01.html Further information: - "The Square Earth of Cosmas Indicopleutes" http://www.sacred-texts.com/earth/boe/boe21.htm - "Redreaming the earth" http://www.tienve.org/home/visualarts/viewVisualArts.do?action=viewArtwork&artworkId=1774
Copyright 2023, Wired Ivy, LLC

by 