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by goodvibes on January 18th, 2009
As blood flows through the body, it gives oxygen to the tissues and receives CO2 plus other waste products from those tissues. The de-oxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the superior (top), inferior (bottom), The bodies largest veins, and the coronary sinus which is rarely mentioned. The right atrium contracts, forcing (pumping) blood through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts, sending blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary trunk. The pulmonary trunk divides into pulmonary arteries (one for each lung), which takes the deoxygenated blood to the capillaries of the lungs. At the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood, and, oxygen diffuses into the blood. The capillaries is where oxygen enters the blood stream. The oxygenated blood feeds into the pulmonary veins, which take it from the lungs to the left atrium. The left atrium contracts, forcing blood through the bicuspid (mitral) valve and into the left ventricle. The left ventricle contracts, forcing (pumping) blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta, the bodies largest artery. The aorta divides into smaller arteries, which carry oxygenated blood to all body tissues. And the cycle is repeated.
Note that deoxygenated blood never mixes with oxygenated blood. In reality, the events described above don't happen in a linear sequence. Instead, the two atria and the two ventricles contract simultaneously. I hope this has answered your question.
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