by Will Smith on November 13th, 2007

Will Smith

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What exactly does E=mc squared mean?

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  • by Tinkerbell on February 21st, 2008

    Tinkerbell

    It means that mass and energy are proportional (not equal as is often stated). They are different representations of the same thing. A certain amount of energy will give you a certain amount of mass and vice versa.

    For example if you collide matter with antimatter they will annihilate completely into energy and the amount will be equal to the sum of the masses multiplied by the speed of light squared.

    Mass of matter = mass of anti matter = 1 kg
    c= 299,792,458
    c^2 = 8.98755E+16
    so
    E in joules = (1+1) * 8.98755E+16
    E = 1.79751E+17 Joules

    Which is a VAST amount of energy from just 2 kg combined mass. Would be about 45 ish megatons equivalent. The Tsar bomb, largest nuclear weapon ever built, was about 50 if memory serves and used ALOT more fuel than 2 kg. Something with the mass of a bag of sugar has the energy to wipe a major city from the face of the planet. However anti-matter bombs are thankfully not very probable at present, despite Dan Brown.

    So mass and energy can be converted back and forth between the two different "states". A good analogy is than mass is "Frozen" energy and energy is "Melted" mass. But this is JUST an analogy :)

    It has much deeper implications but in a nut shell that is it. :)

    Comments
    • Good answer. Re your first sentence: Physicists sometimes choose units in which the speed of light is 1 to make the equation simply E=M. The rest mass of subatomic particles is often given in electron-volts -- normally a unit of energy.

      xprofessor

      by xprofessor on February 21st, 2008

    • Basically I need to take some classes in Math and Physics to really understand what you're saying right? Or is there a laymans term for it...? Sorry for the imbecileness. Just trying to get a graspe and realizing I need some Math and Physics courses...Ha

      supermegarockstar

      by supermegarockstar on February 22nd, 2008

    • No no courses (although it does help)

      TO get the energy intrinsic in a mass of mass m just do the following,

      multiply the mass by the speed of light multiplied by the speed of light.

      Essentially mass is energy and energy is mass, Think ice and water (but that is just an analogy!). And the relationship is just defined as e = m(c^2). (c^2) is just a constant as xprofessor said so choosing appropriate units you essentially get e = m which is energy equals mass (this is only true for the right units though). It is more correct to say they are proportional, as one variable (say mass) alters the other alters proportionally.

      Make sense? :)

      Tinkerbell

      by Tinkerbell on February 22nd, 2008

    • Getting...closer. yes...I think. LOL I understand the constant and variable. So what its doing is giving you a standard. To move this much mass will take this much energy...or Moving this much mass will give you this much energy?

      supermegarockstar

      by supermegarockstar on February 22nd, 2008

    • No not to move mass - the mass literally IS that amount of energy. You can convert mass into energy and energy into mass. They are merely different representations of the same thing. What is means is if you convert a mass m completely into energy the energy released will be equal to mc^2, no more no less.

      As an aside for motion you use the equation
      E = 1/2 * m * v^2
      where v is the velocity. This is called kinetic energy. So a mass m moving with velocity v has energy 0.5*m*v^2. This is connected with e=mc^2 but starts getting complicated lol

      Basic point is that mass is equivalent to energy and vice versa. you can convert between the two and the relationship is defined by the equation. :)

      Tinkerbell

      by Tinkerbell on February 22nd, 2008

    • mass in grams, C in cm.'s/second, in vacuum, and E is measured in Ergs.
      C=300K Km.'s / second, times 100K to get cm.'s.
      when you can check the speed of light in cm.'s/second, in a vacuum let me know, and we will talk about getting to the = sign.
      There are 10 million ergs to the Joule.
      How many decimal points can you weigh that gram out to?
      And that is why, approximately.

      MadMike

      by MadMike on June 12th, 2010

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